The atomic and ionic radius of alkali metals is increasing systematically from lithium to caesium atom. The periodic trends of alkali metals are given below the topics, Atomic and Ionic Radius of Alkali Metals They are placed extremely left in the periodic table. The six elements lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, and francium constitute the family of alkali metals. Standard electrode potential (M + + e → M) At low temperatures, lithium forms a hexagonal closed-packed crystal lattice.Īlkali metals readily lose their outermost electron to form uni-positive cation (M +). They normally adopt a body-centered cubic crystal structure. Properties of Alkali MetalĪlkali metal is a soft, shiny, and highly reactive element at standard temperature and pressure. Francium is very rare due to its high radioactivity. Lithium occurs in small amounts because it disappears through the natural process of nuclear reaction. With the increasing atomic number, the alkalis become rare. The alkali metals Na, K, and Rb are distributed very widely in the earth’s crust. The alkali metal, lithium, sodium, and potassium have wide industrial applications in the present-day world. Many of their compounds have been used since the early days of human civilization. The physical and chemical properties of alkali metals can be readily understood by their outer electronic configuration.Īlkali metal like sodium and potassium are extensively involved in our life process. Consistent with their ns 1 outer electronic configuration, the alkali metals occupy group 1 in the periodic table.
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